Introduction: Increasing hazardous INDUSTRIAL waste and lack of necessary regulations for management of them have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of hazardous INDUSTRIAL wastes in the Shams Abad INDUSTRIAL PARK of Tehran, Iran. Method: The research was descipttive, cross sectional one. The data was gathered by first referring to INDUSTRIAL units and completion of Iranian Environmental Organization Questionnaire and then analyzing the gathered data. Findings: In the Shams Abad INDUSTRIAL PARK, 532224 ton/year or 1478ton/day of different INDUSTRIAL waste is produced. The biggest proportion of waste includes mineral wastes which are about 426048 ton/year or 805%. The smallest proportion in Cellulose waste is produced at a rate of 30. 36 ton/year or 0. 005%. 90 percent of the active industries at this PARK produce solid INDUSTRIAL waste. Results and Discussion: The result of this study showed that disposal of these wastes is mainly done by recycling and re-usage in other industries is about 85%. The best, most economic, and most environment-friendly waste management activity of the Shams Abad INDUSTRIAL PARK is prevention of production, increasing the potential recycling, and reuse of material with emphasis on sorting at the production site, increasing mechanical sorting, and decreasing production of disposable waste.

Over the past decades, the attitude to the role of rural industries as an influential factor in the economic construction of rural areas, has led to these industries as a basis for the development of rural areas. However, these industries have brought many positive and negative effects in the surrounding rural areas, which requires scientific study. The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic effects of the activity of INDUSTRIAL towns on the surrounding rural settlements in the Shahid Salimi INDUSTRIAL town of Tabriz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In terms of collection methods, it is a field-library research. To select villages in terms of economic impact, 14 villages within a 10 km radius of the INDUSTRIAL town were selected, which according to the 2016 census had a population of 15084 people and 4629 households, using the Cochran’, s formula, 306 rural households were selected as a sample. Then, SMART PLS 3 software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the most important economic effect of the establishment of Shahid Salimi INDUSTRIAL town in the surrounding villages was the creation of added value of agricultural products with an average of 0. 366.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The coffee agroindustry in Indonesia plays a significant economic role as the third largest coffee producer worldwide. Despite the high economic contribution, the coffee agroindustry also raises environmental issues along its supply chain. Coffee solid waste constitutes biomass containing useful compounds promising as raw materials for added-value products through the implementation of INDUSTRIAL symbiosis. Eco-INDUSTRIAL PARKs create value through INDUSTRIAL symbiosis, emphasizing the principle of a closed-loop production system, simultaneously decreasing the use of raw materials and waste. This study aimed to analyze and develop a coffee-based eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK design via a systems engineering approach and optimization of INDUSTRIAL symbiosis in closed-loop coffee production.METHODS: This study employed a case study in the Ketakasi coffee-producing center in Jember, Indonesia. Data collection was conducted through field observation and a series of in-depth interviews. The development of eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK design followed a systems engineering methodology, as demonstrated through the utilization of Business Process Model and Notation. Subsequently, the optimization of INDUSTRIAL symbiosis within eco-INDUSTRIAL PARKs was realized using a mixed-integer linear programming mathematical model.FINDINGS: The eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK design presents the actors, internal business processes, material and data exchanges, various actors’ interdependence and critical roles in material exchanges, and value creation processes using valorization within the eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK. The role of the Ketakasi cooperative as a facilitator of material exchange and manager of the eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK is pivotal. The utilization of data integration enhances the transparency and efficiency of information exchange among eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK participants, promoting predictability and reliability in material exchange. The application of the mixed-integer linear programming optimization model has provided a structured approach to maximizing the value creation within the eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK through the valorization of 72.3 percent of coffee pulp and 68.5 percent of spent coffee grounds into cellulase enzymes and ultraviolet shields.CONCLUSION: This paper presents a structured framework for efficiently managing material exchange processes within an eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK, contributing to environmental sustainability and economic value creation. This study contributes to the knowledge gap in the literature by developing an inclusive eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK design that facilitates the optimization of the value creation process through valorization technology. This study also adds to sustainable agriculture management literature through a coffee-based eco-INDUSTRIAL PARK design.

Background & Aims of the Study: Increasing hazardous INDUSTRIAL wastes and lack of necessary regulations for management of them have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of hazardous INDUSTRIAL wastes in the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK of Kerman, Iran.Materials & Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was done using questionnaires and local visits during year 2009. In this questionnaire, some information about the INDUSTRIAL wastes, production, storage on site, collection, transformation, sorting, recycling, and disposal were recorded.Results: In the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK, 71, 600 kg/day of different INDUSTRIAL waste is produced. The biggest proportion of waste includes metals, and construction and demolition waste which are about 16, 500 tons a year. The smallest proportion is non-iron metal waste, which is produced at a rate of 8 tons per year.88.7 percent of the active industries at the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK produce solid INDUSTRIAL waste. Most of the INDUSTRIAL units do not use a united and coordinated system for storing waste and have no specific place for temporary storage inside the INDUSTRIAL PARK. The majority of INDUSTRIAL waste collection, which is about 59.8%, is done by private contractors. The INDUSTRIAL units transfer their waste separately, and just 9 INDUSTRIAL units recycle their waste. Disposal of these wastes is mainly done by selling to trading agencies. Each day, 3 tons of hazardous INDUSTRIAL waste is produced in this PARK. The highest production belongs to the oil factory (Keyhan Motor).Conclusions: According to the results, the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK needs a unified system for storing, transporting and collecting the sorted waste, and it also needs to have a transportation station with basic facilities. The wastes of most INDUSTRIAL units at the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK have the potential for recycling and re-usage in other industries. The best, most economic, and most environment-friendly waste management activity of the Khazra INDUSTRIAL PARK is prevention of production, increase in the potential of recycling, and reuse of material with emphasis on sorting at the production site, increase of mechanical sorting, and decrease in production of disposable waste.

Due to the growth of population and INDUSTRIALization, a great number of problems associated with producing INDUSTRIAL wastes have been created for both the environment and human beings. The INDUSTRIAL waste management in Brujen INDUSTRIAL PARK, located in the western part of Iran, has been investigated in this study using the environmental rapid impact assessment matrix technique. For this purpose, the effective activities and components were classified. The determination of the best scenarios with the least impact on the environment was performed by developing the scenarios for possible INDUSTRIAL waste disposal and making calculations by the rapid impact assessment matrix method. The components of the environment were first classified into physical/chemical, economic/operational, biological/ecological, and social/cultural items. Afterward, with respect to the criteria of the rapid impact assessment matrix method, the importance of environmental impacts was determined by standard scoring of the developed scenarios. Ultimately, the environmental score of each component for the scenarios was calculated using the rapid impact assessment matrix method, and the best scenario with the least environmental impacts was selected through a quantitative comparison. According to the results, scenario 3 (pyrolysis) and scenario 1 (recycling) were found to have the most negative impact and the most positive impact on the environment. Scenario 4 (incineration), with its severe air pollution, obtained a high negative score and was excluded from the options. As a result, two systems of recycling (scenario 1) and the sanitary landfill (scenario 2) were identified as complementary to each other and were selected as a solid waste management method.

Entrepreneur is someone who accepts financial risks to enter into business to develop and expand new products through creativity and innovation and to overcome rivals. Women entrepreneurial has a prominent role in the economy, economists, know entrepreneurs as economic growth and development in the community. Given the current situation, and large bureaucratic state, the government is facing with youth and women unemployment and to solve this problem is to identify the factors influencing women entrepreneurship and barriers to provide entrepreneurship development by cultural diversity and finding new sources of women' s entrepreneurship. For this purpose, qualitative research and theoretical study, library, interviews in field offices method are used. Of the population among entrepreneurs 130 people in Tehran 4 people, 77 people Semnan, 4 people, were opened interviewed randomly targeted and unstructured and elements and obstacles have been extracted among interviews, results indicate that environmental barriers have greater effect on women's entrepreneurship that needs government's support for entrepreneurship development.

Nowadays, the phenomenon of global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases by mankind is seen as an important environmental concern that endangers future prosperity. Carbon dioxide gas has the greatest impact on the global warming phenomenon among greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide, results in global warming, rising sea levels and occurrence of biologic changes in the environment, subsequently it leads to the damage to plants, animals and ecosystems. In the present study, the approximate amount of carbon dioxide generated by industries in the INDUSTRIAL town was estimated, and then the amount of green space needed for its control and management is calculated, so in this regard, the information of 39 INDUSTRIAL units from different types of production is compiled and then analyzed. Based on the calculations, the approximate amount of CO2 generation in the region was 2105738 kg per day or 768594 tons per year. To absorb and control this amount of CO2 around 35 million trees per year and 23333 hectares of arable land are required. Based on the obtained values, complete management of generated carbon dioxide by green space and tree planting in that area is impossible. It should be noted that these values are calculated for all INDUSTRIAL units of the town in active mode, considering the closure of some of the INDUSTRIAL units, the actual amount will certainly be less than the calculated value.